LaTeX users generate postscript output using dvips. An alternative is to use pdfTeX to generate PDF files directly. The PDF format offers a number of advantages over postscript:

• Smaller uncompressed file sizes.
• Much more efficient bitmap inclusion.
• Availability of hyperlinks.
• Better accessibility for inexperienced users.
• Adobe’s Acrobat reader offers facilities for electronic presentations

Limitation of pdfTeX

1. postscript figures cannot yet be directly imported into documents

Supported formats:

be bitmaps (PNG or JPG), a simple format of PDF, or MetaPost output

Solutions for eps figure

1. convert into pdf file

2. convert into png file using command line tool: ‘convert’

example:  convert -density 300 file.ps file.png

For more information about figure format transformation, click: http://blog.so8848.com/2010/02/55549.html

latex 下安装中文支持，需要安装一系列宏包，然后拷贝生成字体什么的，甚是繁琐。一步抄作出问题，会浪费很多时间。

不如写成一个script， shell 脚本。出问题，或机器重装，运行此脚本即可，一劳永逸。

备忘。 脚本下载：installcjk

samples :

Open the bbl file with a text editor. If it looks meaningful, then compiling the document again with LaTeX should give a dvi with references. If the bbl file contains nonsense (or is not created at all), then we will have to try other things.

2. goto Applications->Other->Spell Checker (it seems that it is not necessary)

in client choose Aspell, this will change the dictionary to Aspell (for me by default appeared Ispell as dictionary).

3. restart Kile (if it is open)

2. You can find .bib entries for major publications with a simple Google search.

3. The reference/bibliography section usually appears at the end of an publication. In your LaTeX file, these two commands insert the reference section:

	bibliographystyle{xxx}
	bibliography{yyy}

4. Some commonly used bibliography styles

5. The file biblio.bib is not read directly by the latex program. Instead, the command bibtex extracts only the needed references from the *.bib file(s) and converts them (in the indicated style) to LaTeX form in a new file MyDoc.bbl. LaTeX can then use the contents of MyDoc.bbl directly.

6. biblio sample

@ARTICLE{Bay1,
   author = "A. Bayliss and C. I. Goldstein and E. Turkel",
   title = "An iterative method for the {H}elmholtz equation",
   journal = "J. Comp. Phys.",
   volume = 49,
   pages = "443--457",
   year = 1983
   }

@TECHREPORT{Ernst,
   author = "O. Ernst and G. Golub",
   title = "A domain decomposition approach to solving the {H}elmholtz
		equation with a radiation boundary condition",
   number = "NA-92-08",
   school = "Stanford University, Computer Science Department",
   year = "August 1992"
   }

Other reference information

(1) An FAQ regarding multiple author names; In a bib file you list all the authors’ names together joined with word “and”, e.g.,
author = "Jane Smith and E. B. Johnson and Strunk, Jr., William",
BibTeX then does the appropriate things to names and initials and punctuation, according to the chosen bibliographic style.

(2) When using BibTeX, the interaction between names and accenting is somewhat tricky. You should use `G{“o}del’ or `G{“{o}}del’, and not `{G{“{o}}del}’ or `{G”{o}del}’. (Thanks to Dana Jacobsen for this tip.)

(3) STANDARD ENTRY TYPES:

@article

An article from a journal or magazine

@book

A book with an explicit publisher

@booklet

A work that is printed and bound, but without a named publisher or sponsoring institution

@conference

The same as inproceedings

@inbook

A part of a book, which may be a chapter (or section or whatever) and/or a range of pages

@incollection

A part of a book having its own title

@inproceedings

An article in a conference proceedings

@manual

Technical documentation

@mastersthesis

A Master’s thesis

@misc

Use this type when nothing else fits

@phdthesis

A PhD thesis

@proceedings

The proceedings of a conference

@techreport

A report published by a school or other institution, usually numbered within a series

@unpublished

A document having an author and title, but not formally published

@collection

Not a standard entry type. Use proceedings instead.

@patent

Not a standard entry type.

(4) STANDARD FIELDS

address

Usually the address of the publisher or other type of institution. For major publishing houses, van Leunen recommends omitting the information entirely. For small publishers, on the other hand, you can help the reader by giving the complete address.

annote

An annotation. It is not used by the standard bibliography styles, but may be used by others that produce an annotated bibliography.

author

The name(s) of the author(s), in the format described in the LaTeX book.

booktitle

Title of a book, part of which is being cited. See the LaTeX book for how to type titles. For book entries, use the title field instead.

chapter

A chapter (or section or whatever) number.

crossref

The database key of the entry being cross referenced. Any fields that are missing from the current record are inherited from the field being cross referenced.

edition

The edition of a book—for example, “Second”. This should be an ordinal, and should have the first letter capitalized, as shown here; the standard styles convert to lower case when necessary.

editor

Name(s) of editor(s), typed as indicated in the LaTeX book. If there is also an author field, then the editor field gives the editor of the book or collection in which the reference appears.

howpublished

How something strange has been published. The first word should be capitalized.

institution

The sponsoring institution of a technical report.

journal

A journal name. Abbreviations are provided for many journals.

key

Used for alphabetizing, cross referencing, and creating a label when the “author” information is missing. This field should not be confused with the key that appears in the cite command and at the beginning of the database entry.

month

The month in which the work was published or, for an unpublished work, in which it was written. You should use the standard three-letter abbreviation, as described in Appendix B.1.3 of the LaTeX book.

note

Any additional information that can help the reader. The first word should be capitalized.

number

The number of a journal, magazine, technical report, or of a work in a series. An issue of a journal or magazine is usually identified by its volume and number; the organization that issues a technical report usually gives it a number; and sometimes books are given numbers in a named series.

organization

The organization that sponsors a conference or that publishes a manual.

pages

One or more page numbers or range of numbers, such as 42--111 or 7,41,73--97 or 43+ (the `+‘ in this last example indicates pages following that don’t form a simple range). To make it easier to maintain Scribe-compatible databases, the standard styles convert a single dash (as in 7-33) to the double dash used in TeX to denote number ranges (as in 7--33).

publisher

The publisher’s name.

school

The name of the school where a thesis was written.

series

The name of a series or set of books. When citing an entire book, the the title field gives its title and an optional series field gives the name of a series or multi-volume set in which the book is published.

title

The work’s title, typed as explained in the LaTeX book.

type

The type of a technical report—for example, “Research Note”.

volume

The volume of a journal or multi-volume book.

year

The year of publication or, for an unpublished work, the year it was written. Generally it should consist of four numerals, such as 1984, although the standard styles can handle any year whose last four nonpunctuation characters are numerals, such as `hbox{(about 1984)}’.

---

Other (nonstandard) fields

---

affiliation

The authors affiliation.

abstract

An abstract of the work.

contents

A Table of Contents

copyright

Copyright information.

ISBN

The International Standard Book Number.

ISSN

The International Standard Serial Number. Used to identify a journal.

keywords

Key words used for searching or possibly for annotation.

language

The language the document is in.

location

A location associated with the entry, such as the city in which a conference took place.

LCCN

The Library of Congress Call Number.

mrnumber

The Mathematical Reviews number.

URL

The WWW Universal Resource Locator that points to the item being referenced. This often is used for technical reports to point to the ftp site where the postscript source of the report is located.

安装这些其实还可以避免其他很多ubuntu kile 下的问题

打开终端，执行下述命令安装TexLive和常用的一些Latex宏包（可以根据自己的需要增改）：

sudo apt-get install texlive texlive-math-extra texlive-latex-base texlive-latex-extra texlive-latex-recommended texlive-pictures texlive-science texlive-bibtex-extra texlive-common latex-beamer

如果硬盘充裕的话，直接完整安装也可以：

sudo apt-get install texlive-full latex-beamer

安装完后，就可以安装CJK的相关软件包了，如果只需要获得中文支持，那么执行：

sudo apt-get install latex-cjk-chinese ttf-arphic-* hbf-*

否则，建议安装latex-cjk-all以获取完整支持。

安装 gbkfonts

下载1:  gbkfontsfortetex3.0

下载2: gbkfonts

直接把gbkfonts 文件copy 到 目录/usr/bin, 记得要chmod, 命令: sudo chmod 777 /usr/bin/gbkfonts , 因为这个文件是从别地方copy过来,  not permit.

然后开始拷贝字体

sudo cp /media/hda1/windows/Fonts/sim* /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/

mkdir ~/texmf #如果你不是把目录建在这，比如建在~/.texmf,请参阅附录2作相应修改
cd ~/texmf

gbkfonts /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/simsun.ttc song
gbkfonts /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/simfang.ttf fang
gbkfonts /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/simkai.ttf kai
gbkfonts /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/simhei.ttf hei
之后执行
mktexlsr

消除kile下面dvi看中文小黑框的问题:

sudo vim /var/lib/texmf/web2c/updmap.cfg
在最后一行输入: Map cjk.map(也许你发现本来就有.我建议你还是再输入一次~~)
接着使用: updmap

测试:

打开kile
documentclass{article}
usepackage{CJK}
begin{document}
begin{CJK}{GBK}{song}
这是latex
end{CJK}
end{document}
保存时候注意编码设置为gb2312

sudo apt-get install texlive-latex-extra

I seems that some packages are missing in the default setting of kile. It will take you a lot time to download the extra packages via the above command.

A. An idea on how to obtain additional room on your submission, you can combine the subsections heads of Categories (ACM Classifiers), General Terms, and Authors’ Keywords with the body text and a colon, such as:

vspace{1mm}
noindent
{bf Categories and Subject Descriptors:} B.X.X {[Your Choice]}: {The Third Field Here}

vspace{1mm}
noindent
{bf General Terms:} Enter your choices of the 16 terms.

vspace{1mm}
noindent
{bf Keywords:} Enter your choices.

B. By making the references 8 or 8-1/2 pt size: 

Coding to change the references to 8 pt:
begin{thebibliography}{50}
vspace*{0.5mm}
scriptsize

bibitem{nowka}
K.~Nowka {it et al},
newblock “A 32-bit PowerPC System-on-a-chip with Support for Dynamic
Voltage Scaling and Dynamic Frequency Scaling,”
newblock {it ACM Proceedings of DAC 2003}, 2002.

vfilleject

bibitem{semeraro}
G.~Semeraro et al,
newblock “Energy-Efficient Processor Design Using Multiple
Clock Domains with Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling,”
newblock {it High Performance Computer Architecture}, 2002.

5. Correct coding for multiple authors (this coding gives you the correct fonts and font sizes using the ACM class files)

6. Some Other Helpful Links that Deal with pdflatex

http://www.ces.clemson.edu/~regroff/content/latex2pdf

https://gemini.econ.umd.edu/e-editor/pdftips.html

http://www.physics.ohio-state.edu/~yurh/doc/tex2pdf

http://tclab.kaist.ac.kr/ipe/pdftex.html

Google Docs 很好，但无赖不能插入输入数学公式和一些特殊字符。特殊字符很好解决，一般可以使用搜狗输入法输入。数学公式Google Docs 只提供简单的上小标功能，要输入复杂还是只能借用在线latex工具。首先生成用在一些在线latex网站把待输入的公式生成一幅图片，譬如http://thornahawk.unitedti.org/equationeditor/equationeditor.php 

然后，通过该图片的url把图片插入Google Docs。

不过不管怎么，只有支持latex或者tex才是终极解决之道，希望google docs能早日支持这一个功能。

 ———————————————————————————-

From: http://phbenito.wordpress.com/2008/10/23/equations-in-google-docs/ 

Inserting Equations into Google Docs

Pascual Benito, Oct., 2008

(view/download via Google Docs)

phbenito[at]gmail[dot]com

1. Example of Text with Equations
2. Instructions
   1. Firefox
   2. Internet Explorer (verified with IE7)
   3. Editing an Existing Equation?
3. Advanced technique: composing the equation right in the document
4. Arrays & Matrices
5. Inserting Greek Letters and other Mathematical Symbols into the text
6. General Suggestions
7. Appendix

Example of Text with Equations

The quadratic formula is a second order polynomial equation in one variable, its general form is

where x is the variable and a, b, and c are constants, and a ≠ 0.Since a quadratic equation is a second degree polynomial equation, then the fundamental theorem of algebra states that two complex roots exist, counting multiplicity.

There are various analytical methods used for finding the roots of quadratic equations, one of the most common methods is the so-called quadratic formula and is derived by completing the square on the general expression shown above. The quadratic formula may be written thus,

Instructions

I use one of the following online LaTex Equation Editors (open in another browser window) to compose the equation and also to turn the LaTex code into an image (see screen capture image below):

http://thornahawk.unitedti.org/equationeditor/equationeditor.php

http://www.codecogs.com/components/equationeditor/equationeditor.php

They are useful tools for composing equations and the appropriate LaTeX code, even if you are not familiar with LaTeX.

There are slightly different instruction for inserting your equation depending on the Internet Browser you are using:

Firefox

After creating the equation in the editor, hit “Render Expression”, then place the mouse over the image of the equation, right-click and choose “Copy Image Location”. Then in Google Docs, choose “Insert Picture”, and select the “From the web (URL)” radio button. Paste the image URL and click OK. This will insert the image into the document.

Internet Explorer (verified with IE7)

After creating the equation in the editor, hit “Render Expression”, then place the mouse over the image of the equation, right-click and choose “Copy”. Then in Google Docs, choose “Paste”, and this will insert the image into the document.

Editing an Existing Equation?

If you need to edit the equation again later, you will need to go back to the external Equation Editor to do that. There is no easy work around for this right now. So what I do is “save” the equation by pasting it into a “Footnote” in Google Docs, then I can always paste it back into the editor and fix anything, and repeat the image insert process above.

Figure 1: Screen capture of the equation editor open, and pasting in the equation image URL into the Google Docs “Insert→Picture” dialog box.

Figure 2. Here is a screen capture of this document as viewed while being edited.

Note that a similar approach for inserting equations can be used in Google Spreadsheets or Google Presentation.

Advanced technique: composing the equation right in the document html

If you’re comfortable playing with the html of the file and with the latex codes, you can actually insert the equation LaTeX code or image link directly into the document’s html (choose “Edit→HTML”), as shown with the html snippet below (the equation itself has been highlighted in red):

<img src=”http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?x=frac{beta}{y}” alt=”x=frac{beta}{y}”/>

then you can actually have the equation embedded in the source, and can update the equation image just by editing the latex code there (so if you were to look at the html for this document you would see the embedded equation html and LaTeX codes) that create the following equation:

Arrays & Matrices

Arrays, vectors, matrices, etc… can either be generated using the LaTeX equation editor methods described above, or you can also use nested table inserts to represent arrays as follows:

First shown with the cell borders in green so you can see the underlying table structure (note I set the table width to “fit to content”)

and then without the table borders as it might be displayed:

Inserting Greek Letters and other Mathematical Symbols into the text

The Symbol font is not currently available in Google Docs, but you can get around this in a couple of ways.

Cut/Paste from a document with a “pre-existing” palette of symbols. Here is one based on

(SGML character entities supported by most modern browsershttp://www.zipcon.net/~swhite/docs/math/math.html)

Most of the Greek alphabet:

α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς τ υ φ χ ψ ω Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω ϑ ϒ ϖ

 

a fairly rich selection of math symbols:

∀ ∴ ∃ ¬ ∋ ∅ ∈ ∉ ∧ ∨ ∩ ∪ ∂ ∇ ∏ ∑ ∫ √ − ∗ × ÷ ⋅ ± ⊕ ⊗ ∝ ∞ ∼ ≅ ≈ ≠ ≡ ≤ ≥ ⊂ ⊃ ⊄ ⊆ ⊇ ∠ ⊥

arrows:

← ↑ → ↓ ↔ ↵ ⇐ ⇒ ⇓ ⇔

 

fancier brackets:

⌈ ⌉ ⌊ ⌋ 〈 〉

 

a few fancy script letters:

ℵ ℘ ℑ ℜ µ

 

and these:

◊ ♠ ♣ ♥ ♦

Note, that the appearance of the symbol characters changes depending on the font used (above is Verdana). But they would look slightly different, more elegant and formal perhaps, with “Serif”.

Or you can also use the Google Docs command “insert→Special Character→Advanced” to enter the Unicode number for a symbol. (e.g. ∭ was inserted by:

See this link for a comprehensive list of Unicode symbols that you can paste/insert into Docs.

You can also use that same link as a “palette” and just cut/paste from there to your document.

General Suggestions

I suggest making an equation and symbol “library” document where you keep a collection of all your most commonly used equations and symbols, then you can just copy and paste from here into your current document. You could actually make a “template” document that has the palette of symbols in it, and use this as the starting point for all your new documents.

Caveat Emptor: for all the LaTeX methods outlined above when you export the doc to another format such as Word, or Open Office, etc., the equations will be saved as images and you will not be able to edit them again (except by re-creating them in that program). This does not apply to inserted symbols.